Seismic performance evaluation of timber‐steel hybrid framed structures
Abstract
Abstract Sustainability has become a key driver in structural engineering, encouraging the adoption of materials and systems with reduced environmental impact. Timber, a renewable material with low carbon footprint, is increasingly used both in all‐timber constructions and in hybrid systems with concrete or steel. Among these, hybrid steel‐timber frames are emerging as promising solutions, combining timber's sustainability, lightness and fire resistance with steel's strength, stiffness and ductility. In this regard, the paper investigates the structural performance of a single‐storey, single‐span structure with a Cross Laminated Timber (CLT) floor and dissipative timber‐steel hybrid frames, such as Moment Resisting Frames (MRF), Concentric Braced Frames with double (V‐ and X‐CBF) and single diagonals (D‐CBF) and Eccentric Braced Frames (EBF). In particular, non‐linear incremental static analyses were performed through the SAP2000 software to either assess the global seismic response, or identify collapse hierarchies, or determine the behavior factor. The findings confirm the efficiency and reliability of the proposed structural concept, highlighting the suitability for hybrid seismic‐resistant constructions.
Reference
Giacomo Iovane; Raffaele Landolfo; Beatrice Faggiano. (2026). Seismic performance evaluation of timber‐steel hybrid framed structures. ce/papers. https://doi.org/10.1002/cepa.70638
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